(r1) TWikiForms < TWiki

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---## Form Templates

%TOC%

---+++ Background

This is a more general replacement for the TWikiCategoryTable capability, in particular Forms are defined by special topics, where as categories were defineind using special templates.

---+++ Terminology

   * *Form Template:* A set of fields defining a form. (_Class_ in OO speak; used to be called _category table definition_)
      * A web may contain more then one form template.
   * *Form:* A topic containing additional meta-data (besides the free form TEXTAREA) which categorizes the content. (_Object_ in OO speak; used to be called _category table_)
      * A topic has zero or one of the defined forms. So there are topics with a form or without.
   * *Form Field:* A named item in a form. (Used to be called _category item name_)
   * *Field Type:* The type of a field when editing a form. The type defines the HTML INPUT tag widgets when editing a topic:
      * *select:* Drop down box or selector
      * *checkbox:* One or more check boxes
      * *checkbox+buttons:* One or more check boxes, plus _set_ and _clear_ buttons to set/clear all check boxes
      * *radio:* One or more radio buttons
      * *text:* A one-line text field
      * *textarea:* A general text area - size is <i>rows</i>x<i>cols</i> e.g. 40x10
   * *Field Value:* Value of a form field. Can be one or more values from a fixed set (select, checkbox, radio type) or free form (text type). (Used to be called _category item value_)


---+++ Specification

---++++ Enable forms for a web

By default topics can be edited in free form. A form can be added to a topic to give it more structure. Forms are enabled on a per web basis.  This can be done in two ways.  One is similar to that used for the older category system, with this a Web can have only one form.  The other allows a Web to have any number of forms.

A default form template can be provided by creating the ==WebTopicEditTemplate== topic in a Web and adding a form to it.  Initial form values can be set here.  

---++++ Enabling single default form

The ==DEFAULTFORM== variable in WebPreferences is optional.  If present it specifies the default form for all topics in the Web.  Every time you edit a topic you will be presented with a form.  The form must contain the special field =UseForm= (analogous to the =UseCategory= line in the old category system).  The values for this must be:
   * First field - "Yes" (any capitalisation)
   * Second field - any text, but must mean _no form_

---++++ Enabling multiple forms

The ==WEBFORMS== variable in WebPreferences is optional and defines a list of possible form templates e.g.
   * <nop>Set WEBFORMS = <nop>BugForm, <nop>FeatureForm, <nop>BookLoanForm

With this present an extra button is added to the edit view.  If the topic doesn't have a form the button appears at the end of the page.  If a form is present the button appears in the top row of the form.  Pressing the button leads to a screen that enables _no form_ to be selected of one of those specified by =WEBFORMS=.

---++++ Define a form template

Form templates are defined by topics, one topic per form template. A form template topic has descriptive text mixed with the form template definition in the form of a TWiki table.

---+++ Examples

---++++ Defining form in one topic

Example: <nop>WebFormTemplate of the TWiki.Know web:

| *Name:* | *Type:* | *Size:* | *Values:* | *Tooltip message:* |
| Know.UseForm | radio | 0 | Yes, No | Select 'No' to remove the form |
| Know.TopicClassification | select | 1 | Know.NoDisclosure, Know.PublicSupported, Know.PublicFAQ | blah blah... |
| Know.OperatingSystem | checkbox | 3 | Know.OsHPUX, Know.OsLinux, Know.OsSolaris, Know.OsWin | blah blah... |
| Know.OsVersion | text | 16 | | blah blah... |


---++++ Defining form in multiple topics

The form template can also be defined in an alternative way by using more then one topic:

   * A *form template topic* defines the form
   * Values of fields that have more then one value, e.g. of type radio, select and checkbox can be defined by *field value template topics*

Above Example:

   * <nop>WebFormTemplate of the TWiki.Know web:
     | *Name:* | *Type:* | *Size:* | *Values:*  | *Tooltip message:* |
     | Know.UseForm | radio | 0 | Yes, No | blah blah... |
     | Know.TopicClassification | select | 1 | | blah blah... |
     | Know.OperatingSystem | checkbox | 3 | | blah blah... |
     | Know.OsVersion | text | 16 | | blah blah... |

   * <nop>TopicClassification topic:
     | *Name:* | *Type:* | *Tooltip message:* |
     | Know.NoDisclosure | option | blah blah... |
     | Know.PublicSupported | option | blah blah... |
     | Know.PublicFAQ | option | blah blah... |

---++++ Notes

   * This format allows you to define field items with / without TWiki.WikiNames, depending on your needs.
   * The topic can be protected in the usual manner so that not everybody can change the form template.
   * =[[...]]= can be used for force a link, at present =[[...][...]]= format is not supported
   * The "Tooltip message:" column is used as a tool tip for the field name (only if field name is a TWiki.WikiName) - you only see the tooltip on edit
   * The first item in the list is the default item.  Alternative initial values can be given in a topic template such as ==WebTopicEditTemplate== or using fieldFLD=value or for checkboxes fieldFLDcheckbox=1 in URL
   * The =UseForm= field is special.
      * Will always default to second value (don't use form) when topic doesn't have a form
      * Is not show on preview or view
      * When set to no on save, form data is deleted.
   * It is not a good idea to use both =DEFAULTFORM= and =WEBFORMS= WebPreferences in the same Web.

---+++ Changes from category system

Main changes from TWikiCategoryTable:
   * Name changed in the hope that form is more readily understandable than category
   * =UseCategory= is now =UseForm=
   * The templates for category view/edit have been dropped
   * Forms are defined by topics, categories were defined in a template file
   * A Web can have multiple forms, only one category was possible
   * Form data is saved in meta variables - see MetaDataDefinition, and render to HTML on viewing.  Category data was stored as HTML

---+++ Creating new topics with forms

When you create a new topic in a web that has the WEBFORM preferences variable set you will get a topic with the default form template specified by the variable.

For simplicity we should use the default form template when one creates a new topic by question mark link or "Go" field, i.e. better not to show a menu to select a form template.

---+++ Topic meta data

See TWikiMetaDataDefinition.

The form template topic name and all form fields/values are stored in the topic meta data. The form template topic name is needed for edit and save.

The order of form field/value items in the meta-data is the same as in the form template.

---+++ UI for multiple form templates

   * Optional ==WEBFORMS== variable defines possibles form templates that can be selected after pressing "Change" (forms) button on edit page
   * A template topic can use any form template 
   * Decided not to ask user to choose a template or form template when creating a topic as goes against the KISS of Wiki systems.
   * New topics with a form get instantiated by simple HTML forms asking for a topic name, i.e. there is a <nop>SubmitExpenseReport topic were you can create new expense reports, a <nop>SubmitVacationRequest topic and so on. These can specify the required template topic and hence form.

---+++ Migration of Category information

Principle: new system should work with old data with no special conversion.

Old data should be transparently upgraded to the new meta format when a topic is edit/previewed/saved.

On upgrading the administrator must produce a form template topic for each Web that using the old category system.  =twikicatitems.tmpl= defines the categories and is used in the conversion.  The form template must be put as first item in WebPreferences variable ==WEBFORM== or ==DEFAULTFORM== (if/when put in).  If it's not present, an _oops_ dialog results.

-- Main.JohnTalintyre - 07 Aug 2001 <br>
Topic revision: r1 - 2001-08-07 - JohnTalintyre
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